Pastoralism is the traditional life style still existing among many communities. Pastoral communities are preserving domestic animal biodiversity through their way of life in tune with local ecological situations. In marginal environments local livestock breeds are crucial for sustaining rural livelihoods. These breeds provide a wide range of products or value to local people. These animals require relatively low inputs in terms of fodder, management and health care compared to cross breed animals. However wrong perception of resources, commercial backing for cross breeding with exotic breeds for the wide diversity of ecosystems, lack of awareness on domestic animal biodiversity and poor animal health care delivery have already resulted in the disappearance of some of these breeds and many more are threatened. Understanding holistic resource management will require learning from indigenous knowledge and social institutions responsible for conservation of local livestock breeds. Rotational grazing, Herding or Penning will make an impact of Native breeds of Cattle, Sheep & Buffalo as one of the tools of ecosystem management and how their existence contribute to the wellbeing of human, wildlife and forests.

Annually, according to seasons, they graze around the districts of Madurai, Sivagangai, Ramanathapuram, Virudhunagar, Theni, Dindigul, Tenkasi, Tuticorin and Tirunelveli. However, due to the construction of four-way lanes among these districts, pastoralists face difficulty in reaching their destination and also taking an alternative route consumes significant amount of their time. Besides, it is not an easy task to make their hundreds of cattle to cross a highway lane.